WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

Electricity plays a vital role in our day to day life and also there is a great demand for electricity today.
 Transmission losses are also one of the reasons for this demand. Since transmission is a main part of the power system it should be more efficient
 During transmission there is a loss of 30%.To eliminate these losses we need a new technique which is called recent trend. The recent trend for efficient transmission of power is the “wireless power transmission system”. a new method for wireless power transmission using EM waves that comprises a transmitter and receiver in which we get a transmission efficiency of 95%.
 Wireless power transmission is the process that takes place in any system where electromagnetic energy is transmitted from a power source to an load, without interconnecting wires..
 Wireless energy transfer, the transmission of electrical energy without wires in the form of mutual induction. Using induction it is possible to transmit and receive signals over a considerable distance.
 Another form of wireless energy transfer is electromagnetic radiation, such as in radio waves. These methods achieve multiple kilometre ranges.
 The long distance method uses Microwaves and radio waves . The benefit of a focused light beam is that power can be efficiently transmitted over much larger distances.

DRAW BACK:

 This method does not address how to accurately find and position the beam on the receiver, and how to maintain that position on the receiver.
 Therefore, a need exists for a high-energy wireless transmission system The present invention provides an improved method for wireless power transmission that comprises a transmitter and a passive receiver, wherein the receiver does not require an independent power source and the receiver provides optical feedback to the transmitter.This method comprises a transmitter and receiver as shown in the figure.
 The dashed arrows represent optical connections, while the solid lines represent electrical connections.

TRANSMITTER:


 The transmitter comprises a beam source which may contain one or more of the following beam modifying components: an electromagnetic generator that provides the electromagnetic (EM) beam, .
 The transmitter also may include a beam scanner to direct the EM beam. The beam scanner may comprise both a macro adjuster and micro adjuster.
 The transmitter may also include a beam partitioner that splits the reflected EM beam between the beam detector and the position sensor. The beam detector detects the presence of the reflected EM beam that is reflected by the receiver.
 The position sensor, working in conjunction with the control system, locates and tracks the reflected EM beam from the receiver and analyzes the reflected EM beam’s shape and intensity.
 Finally, the transmitter also includes the control system that receives a position sensor signal that includes information regarding characteristics of the reflected beam , and may also receives a beam detector signal from the beam detector (if this component is used) that also contains information regarding the reflected beam .
 The control system processes one or both of these signals to generate a beam modification signal that controls the beam source, which in turn modifies the EM beam. The control system may also send a beam adjustment signal (based on one or both of the signals and) to the beam scanner to control the direction of the EM beam.

RECEIVER:

 The receiver comprises a beam partitioner that splits the received incoming EM beam between the retro-reflector and the energy collector.
 The retro-reflector reflects a portion of the incoming EM beam back to the transmitter (resulting in a reflected EM beam), and the energy collector collects and converts the incoming EM beam’s electromagnetic energy into electrical energy, suitable for use by electronic devices.
 The receiver may optionally include a charging system that takes the power from the energy collector to charge a power reserve such as a battery or a capacitor.

OPERATION:

 In operation, the receiver receives an incoming EM beam comprised of electromagnetic energy.
 The receiver reflects a portion of the incoming EM beam back to the transmitter, so that the transmitter can more accurately direct and focus the incoming EM beam through the use of the beam scanner and beam source.
 Once the receiver receives the incoming EM beam, several embodiments may be employed to receive the most amount of power at the energy collector, while also providing a reflected EM beam to the transmitter for positioning, focusing and tracking.
 The EM beam emitted from the transmitter while in the low power mode is set to an intensity that is safe for the environment in which it is being used.
 The control system may also direct the beam conditioning optics of the transmitter to defocus the EM beam.
 Defocusing allows the receiver to be located more rapidly because the EM beam is spread over a larger volume of space, so the reflected EM beam from the receiver can be achieved faster—often in a single pass of the EM beam.
 As already described, an embodiment of the present system uses a low powered and defocused EM beam to scan a large area for the receiver.
 The beam scanner may comprise two types of beam adjusters that manipulate the location of the EM beam i.e., a macro adjuster and a micro adjuster.
 The macro adjuster is comprised of mirrors, rotating surface, and is used to scan a large volume of space.
 The micro adjuster scans a smaller area with a higher level of precision. During the initial location of the receiver, the macro adjuster will direct the EM beam.
 Once the transmitter detects the receiver by detecting a reflected EM beam at the position sensor, then the position sensor sends a signal to the control system.
 The control system processes this signal and sends a beam modification signal to the beam source to focus the EM beam (and optionally to increase the beam's intensity).
 At this point, the control system may also send a beam adjustment signal to the beam scanner to direct the EM beam to the region where the reflected beam was detected.

ADVANTAGES:

 the receiver does not require an independent source of power before receiving wireless power transmissions. In addition, the passive nature of the receiver reduces complexity and provides faster feedback compared to existing systems which require active feedback via a second communication channel.

. APPLICATIONS:

 The power transmission methods and devices described herein could be used to transmit power to remote areas.
 This method is applicable to charge all portable devices such as cell phones, laptops, robots etc.

CONCLUSION:

 According to recent survey by “ THE HINDU “ India is at the fourth position in power usage.
 This much consumption of energy may cause the electricity demand. Since this method achieves a transmission efficiency of 95%, this system could be a proper remedy for these problems.
 Implementation of this method eliminates the need for high voltage transmission lines.
 Since the transmitter of this system can locate and track the receiver , the power can be transmitted to the load which is at any distance.
 Also during the transmission of beam ,if any object crosses the beam the source will be automatically switched off and hence it does cause harm to the object.
 Thus this system will be a secured one. Implementation of this system in our country will make INDIA A FAIR AND GREEN COUNTRY.